Donald School: Atlas of Fetal Anomalies

The technique of ultrasound has contributed immensely to examine and analyze fetal growth, fetal gestational age, its well being, behaviour and even the presence of fetal life itself. Post delivery diagnosis of anomalies used to be traumatic. But with the advent of ultrasound the diagnosis of fetal anomalies in all aspects has saved the cheer and health of women and their families. The genius of Ian Donald, the pioneer of obstetric ultrasound has made fetal diagnosis the first trimester of pregnancy. This has enabled the pregnant women to be informed in advance and have the choice of optimal perinatal care and exercise the option of termination of pregnancy. This textbook describes all the aspects of ultrasound diagnosis of fetal anomalies. It includes the latest 4D ultrasound and color Doppler ultrasound to define the spectrum of ultasound manifestations fetal defects. SECTION 1INTRODUCTION, 1. Ultrasound and Fetal Anomalies, SECTION 2GENERAL ASPECTS, 2. Advantages of 3D Sonography in the Evaluation of Normal Fetal Anatomy, 3. Early Ultrasonographic Screening of Chromosomal Abnormalities, 4. Genetic Ultrasound , 5. Invasive and Noninvasive Prenatal Diagnostic Technique, SECTION 3FETAL ANOMALIES, 6. Abnormalities in the First Half of Pregnancy, 7. Central Nervous System Malformations, 8. 3D Sonography in the Evaluation of Normal and Abnormal Fetal Face, 9. Fetal Neck, 10. Fetal Echocardiography, 11. Congenital Cardiac Tumors, 12. Anomalies of the Lungs, 13. Gastrointestinal Tract and Internal Abdominal Wall, 14. Urological Tract Diseases: Ultrasound 2D vs 3D and Biochemical Markers, 15. Skeletal Dysplasia, 16. Multiple Pregnancy, 17. Prenatal Diagnosis and Management of Conjoined Fetuses, SECTION 4MISCELLANEOUS, 18. Prenatal Diagnosis of Fetal Malformations by Ultrasound and Color Doppler, 19. Prenatal Ultrasound Diagnosis of Structural Congenital Malformations: Hospital-based Screening, 20. Epidemiology and Prenatal Diagnosis of Isolated Hypospadias, 21. Adams Sequence, 22. Ivemark Syndrome, 23. Urethral Obstruction Sequence, 24. Extraembryonic Structures in Early Pregnancy, 25. Non-immune Hydrops Fetalis, 26. Prenatal Infections, 27. Abdominal Cysts, 28. Pregnancy and Uterine Anomalies, 29. The Advantages of 3D Sonography in the Diagnosis and Assessment of Fetal Abnormalities, 30. Prenatal Ultrasound Diagnosis in Turners Syndrome and Triploidy, 31. Placenta, 32. Fetal Anomalies after ART Procedure, 33. Bioethical Standards of Ultrasonographic and Invasive Prenatal Diagnosis: Practical Aspects.